The United States, Britain and the countries allied with them have
committed a war of genocide against the people of Iraq. They imposed and indeed
are still imposing a comprehensive package of economic sanctions that included
even the supply of foodstuffs and medicines with the explicit purpose of
depriving the people of this country of their most basic needs.
Impact of Oppressive Sanctions on Health, Nutrition and Environment in Iraq
=================================================
Table 1
Total Number of Deaths due to Sanctions Selected Reasons
Age Group
Year
----------------------- Total
under five above five
-------------------------------------------------------------
1989
7.110
20.224 27.334
-------------------------------------------------------------
1990
8.903 23.561 32.464
1991
27.473
58.469 85.942
1992
46.933
76.530 123.463
1993
49.762
78.261 128.023
1994
52.905
80.776 133.681
1995
55.823
82.961 138.784
1996
56.997
83.284 140.281
1997
58.845
85.942 144.787
1998
71.279
88.760 160.039
1999
80.044
97.439 177.483
2000
81.804
98.124 179.928
2001 84.012
100.752
184.764
2002
80.952 96.324 177.276
-------------------------------------------------------------
Total
755.732 1.0511.183 1.806.915
=====================================
UNDER (5)
MORTALITY
ABOVE (5) MORTALITY
-------------------
-------------------
1. Respiratory
infection 1. Cardiac diseases
2. Diarrhoea u. Gastroenteritis 2. Hypertension
3.
Malnutrition 3. Diabetes mellites
4. Renal diseases
5. Liver diseases
6. Malignant neoplasms
Maternal and under 5 children mortality survey, 1999
Infant mortality rate = 107,9 per 1.000 live
births
Under 5 mortality rate = 130,6
per 1.000 live births
Maternal mortality rate = 294,0 per
100.000 live births
Table 2
Mortality Rate According to Age Group Due to Economic Sanctions
Under-Five Above
-Five
Mortality Rate Mortality-Rate
Mortality
Mortality
Year
Rate
Rate
Monthly
average Monthly average
-------------------------------------------------------------
1989
593
1.685
1990
742
1.963
1991
2.289
4.872
1992
3.911
6.377
1993
4.147
6.522
1994
4.409
6.731
1995
4.651
6.913
1996
4.750
6.940
1997
4.904
7.162
1998
5.940
7.397
1999
6.670
8.119
2000
6.817
8.177
2001 January
7.813
8.212
February 6.811
7.953
March
5.837
9.552
April 5.245
9.231
May
6.413
8.475
June
7.614
8.237
July
8.316
7.138
August 8.049
7.210
September 7.035
8.066
October
6.544
9.105
November 7.328
9.244
December
7.007
8.329
2002 January 7.528 7.853
February 6.563 7.603
March 5.624 9.132
April 5.054 8.825
May 6.179 8.102
June 7.337 7.875
July 8.013 6.824
August 7.756 6.893
September 6.779 7.711
October 6.306 8.705
November 7.061 8.838
December 6.752 7.962
Total 2002: 80.952 96.324
Monthly average: 6.721 8.027
-------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3
Impact of Economic Sanctions on the Nutritional Status of Children under Five
1. Number; 2. Monthly Rate;
3.Increase Times 1990
----------------------------------------------------------------------
1990
1991
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Type of Case
1
2 1 2 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------
A) Kwashiokor
485
41 12.796
1.066 26,3
----------------------------------------------------------------------
B) Marasmus
5.193
433 96.186 8.015
18,5
----------------------------------------------------------------------
C) Other types of
Malnutrition as
(Protein Calorie
and Vitamin
deficiencies) 96.809
8.067 947.974 78.998 9,8
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Grand Total
102.487 8.541
1.056.956 88.079 10,3
----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
1992
1993
1 2 3
1
2 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------
A)
13.744 1.145
27,9 15.128
1.261 30,8
B)
111.477 9.289
21,4 139.346
11.612 26,8
C) 1.123.319
93.610 11,6 1.235.657
102.971 12,8
----------------------------------------------------------------------
1.248.540 104.044
12,1 1.390.131
115.844 13,6
----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
1994
1995
1 2
3
1
2 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------
A)
20.975 1.748 42,6
26.984 2.249 54,8
B)
192.296 16.025
37,0 244.023
20.335 47,0
C) 1.576.194
131.349 16,3 1.753.355
146.113 18,1
----------------------------------------------------------------------
1.789.465 149.122
17,5 2.024.362
168.697 19,7
----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
1996
1997
1 2
3
1
2 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------
A)
28.111 2.342
57,12 28.475
2.373 57,88
B)
247.302 20.609
47,59 253.483
21.123 48,78
C) 1.802.112
150.176 18,62 1.850.771
154.231 19,13
----------------------------------------------------------------------
2.077.525 173.127 20,27
2.132.729 177.727 20,81
----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1999
1 2
3 1
2 3
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
A)
30.232 2.519
61,4 31.091
2.591 63,19
B) 264.468
22.039 50,8
279.821 23.318 53,58
C) 1.910.309
159.192 19,74 1.925.871
160,489 19,90
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.205.009 183.750 21,5
2.236.783 186.398 21,82
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2000 2001 2002
1 2 3 1 2 3 1
2 3
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A) 31.428
2.620 63,87 31.545 2.629 65,04 28.390
2.365,84 58,5
B) 282.928 23.577
54,45 291.587 24.299
56,1 275.281 22.490,09
53,0
C)1.948.567 162.381 20,13 1.977.454 164.788 20,4
1.765.244 147.103,67 18,2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.262.923 188.577 22.08 2.300.586 191.715 22,4 2.068.915 172.409,59
20,2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 4
Low Birth Weight Babies (2,5Kg) A. Percentage of Total Births Reported in Iraqi
Health Instititions in post-Sanctions Years
Year Monthly Rate %
-----------------------------
1990
4,5
1991
10,8
1992
17,6
1993
19,7
1994
21,1
1995
22,05
1996
22,60
1997
23,02
1998
23,81
1999
24,04
2000
24,32
2001January 25,17
February 26,28
March
23,75
April 22,63
May 24,76
June 26,08
July 23,96
August 24,25
September 25,27
October 22,83
November 24,56
December 25,67
2002 January 24,62
February 25,20
March 23,41
April 22,35
May 23,64
June 25,41
July 24,10
August 23,63
September23,02
October 22,94
November 23,73
December 24,68
Monthly average 2002: 23,96
-----------------------------
Table 5
Impact of Economic Sanctions on the Incidence of Some Communicable Diseases in
Iraq
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Disease 1989 1990 1991 1992
1993
Number Number Number Number Number Increase times 89
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Poliomyelitis
10 56
186
120 75 7,50
Diphtheria
96 168 511
369 239 2,49
Whooping Cough
368
489
1.537 1.601 767 2,08
Measles
5.715
7.524
11.358 20.160 16.399 2,87
German Measles
514 693 2.848
1.663 928 1,80
Congenital tetanus
42
393
936 233 171 4,10
Tetanus
32
87
933 98 64 2,00
Pneumonia
6.612 11.713 23.529 17.377
19.114 2,89
Mumps
9.639
15.963
22.718 23.883 46.916 4,87
Cholera
---
---
1.217
976 825 825
Typhoid
1.812 2.240 17.524
19.276 22.688 12,50
Giardia
73.416 113.222 501.391 596.356
602.011 8,20
Amoebic dysentery
19.615 32.957 58.311
61.939 62.864 3,20
Viral hepatitis
1.818 3.228 11.135
13.766 16.801 9,20
Meningitis
2.559 1.810 5.792
4.534 3.772 1,47
Local Malaria
3.428 3.924 7.105
5.535 4.581 1,34
Oriental sore
1.829
1.894
8.233 8.779 7.378 4,03
Black fever
491 576 3.713
3.866 3.817 7,77
Hemorrhagic fever
38
42 196
65 48 1,53
Malta fever
2.464
2.816
13.106 14.546 14.989 6,10
Toxoplasmosis
372
512
2.223 2.745 3.145 8,54
Hydatid-cysts
370
406
1.787 1.991
2.108 5,69
Scabies
--- 198 1.892
7.956 10.354 10.354
Rabies
25
37 256 84 49 1,96
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
1994 1995 1996
Disease
------------------------------------------------------
Number Number
Number Increase times 89
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Poliomyelitis
53
32 20 2,00
Diphtheria
132
119 258 2,69
Whooping Cough
526 475
1.179
3,20
Measles
10.646 7.134 240 0,04
German Measles
584
338
23
0,04
Congenital tetanus
89
64
74
1,76
Tetanus
38
31
12 0,37
Pneumonia
23.257 11.553 --- ---
Mumps
39.642 29.195 14.817 1,54
Cholera
1.345
1.216
831
831,00
Typhoid
24.436 26.634 15.238 8,41
Giardia
587.924
689.113 584.621
7,96
Amoebic dysentery
76.864 668.064 543.295
27,70
Viral hepatitis
11.296
15.557 29.803 16,41
Meningitis
3.128
2.853 691 0,27
Local Malaria
19.266
59.931
32.199 9,39
Oriental sore
6.662
7.703
7.606
4,16
Black fever
2.787 3.110 3.434 6,99
Hemorrhagic fever
39
48 48 1,26
Malta fever
15.476 19.040
7.531 3,06
Toxoplasmosis
3.899 4.640 2.768 7,44
Hydatid-cysts
2.520
2.908
184
0,49
Scabies
13.832 18.209 39.146 39.146,00
Rabies
32
34
23
0,92
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
1997 1998 1999
Disease
------------------------------------------------------
Number Number
Number Increase times 89
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Poliomyelitis
27 29
75 7,50
Diphtheria
290
160 142 1,50
Whooping Cough
535 1.271
466
1,30
Measles
539
25.818 9.920 1,70
German Measles
17 65 4.127 8,00
Congenital tetanus
66 36
49
1,20
Tetanus
25 26
19 0,60
Pneumonia
--- ---
--- ---
Mumps
49.556 35.881
25.554
2,65
Cholera
486 2.560 2.398 2398,00
Typhoid
14.464 19.825
23.392 13,00
Giardia
605.170 509.050 535.140 7,30
Amoebic dysentery
329.950 264.290 609.920 31,00
Viral hepatitis
18.501 12.142 13.150 7,24
Meningitis
1.202 1.025
656 0,25
Local Malaria
9.594 6.996 3.212 0,90
Oriental sore
2.939 2.985 1.261 0,70
Black fever
794 874
744 1,5
Hemorrhagic fever
11
2 2 0,05
Malta fever
8.911 5.305 7.083 2,90
Toxoplasmosis
2.960 2.036 3.506 9,40
Hydatid-cysts
257 345
440 1,20
Scabies
40.360 43.580 35.343 35.343,00
Rabies
6
14 27 1,08
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
2000 2001
Disease
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number Increase
times 89 Number Increase times 89
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Poliomyelitis
4 0,40 0 0
Diphtheria
34 0.35 32 -0,67
Whooping Cough
407 1,10 2312 5,28
Measles
726 0,13 453 -0,92
German Measles
1.612 3,10 91 -0,82
Congenital tetanus
37 0,90 21 -0,5
Tetanus
17 0,50 21 -0,34
Pneumonia
--- --- ---- ----
Mumps
18.720 1,90 2.780 -0,71
Cholera
757 757,00 560 560
Typhoid fever
24.614 13,60 21.356 10,79
Giardiasis
542.365 7,40 563.642 6,68
Amoebic dysentery
643.251 32,80 652.314 32,26
Viral hepatitis
8.879 4,90 10.605 4,84
Meningitis
574
0,20 501 -0,8
Local Malaria
1.154 0,30 185 -0,95
Oriental sore
955 0,50 625 -0,66
Black fever
2.611 5,30 2.893 4,89
Hemorrhagic fever
4 0,10 4 -0,89
Malta fever (Brucellosis)
8.551 3,50 9.166 2,72
Toxoplasmosis
3.834
10,30 3.959 9,64
Hydatidosis
521
1,40 752 1,03
Scabies
23.217 23.217,00 21.512
21.512
Rabies
14 0,60 7 -0,72
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 6
Impact of Economic Sanctions on Major Surgical Operations
Year Monthly
Reduction times in %
Rate
1989
-------------------------------------------------------------
1989
15.125
---
1990
8.668
43
1991
6.507
57
1992
5.477
63,7
1993
5.205
65,6
1994
4.679
69,1
1995
4.492
70,3
1996
4.417
70,8
1997
4.357
71,19
1998
4.322
71,4
1999
4.442
70,6
2000
5.005
66,9
2001 January 5.181
65,7
February 5.427
64,1
March
5.504
63,6
April
6.106
59,6
May
6.270
58,5
June
6.591
56,4
July
7.463
50,7
August
6.820
54,9
September 6.496
57,1
October 5.999
60,3
November 5.625
62,8
December 5.850
61,3
2002 January 5.723 62.16
February 5.994 60,37
March 6.079 59,81
April 6.744 55,41
May 6.926 54,21
June 7.280 51,87
July 8.243 45,50
August 7.533 50,19
September7.175 52,56
October 6.626 56,19
November 6.213 58,92
December 6.462 57,28
Total 2002: 80.999
Monthly Average 2002: 6.750 55,37
-------------------------------------------------------------
Table 7
Impact of Economic Sanctions on Laboratory Test
Year
Monthly Reduction times
Rate
1989
-------------------------------------------------------------
1989
1.494.050
---
1990
1.091.230
27
1991
635.446
57
1992
589.952
60,5
1993
576.225
61,4
1994
531.384
64,4
1995
501.095
66,4
1996
500.036
66,5
1997
499.579
66,56
1998
498.989
66,6
1999
515.506
65,4
2000
561.763
62,4
2001 January 562.027
62,4
February 590.020
60,5
March 555.437
62,8
April
569.800
61,9
May 579.743
61,2
June
679.415
54,5
July
777.246
48,0
August 710.045
52,5
September 655.927
56,1
October 670.415
55,1
November 573.049
61,6
December 559.566
62,5
2002 January 583.499
-60,9
February 620.464
-58,5
March
606.626 -59,4
April
587.585 -60,7
May
617.695 -58,7
June
682.317 -54,3
July
729.752 -51,2
August 715.691
-52,1
September 664.382 -55,5
October 683.570
-54,2
November 601.022
-59,8
December 596.069 -60,1
Total: 7.688.672
Monthly average 2002:
640.722 -57,1
-------------------------------------------------------------
Table 8
Composition of Quantities Supplied (kg.) per Person per Month
before sanctions after sanctions
Food
item
-----------------------------------------
kg
g
kg g
-------------------------------------------------------------
Wheat-flour
15
---
9 ---
Rice
3 288
2 500
Sugar
3
409
1 500
Tea
- 249
- 500
Cooking
oils 1
283
- 625
Detergents
-
533
- 250
Soaps
- 448
- 150
Baby milk
3
060
1 800
-------------------------------------------------------------
Table 9
Food Prices per Unit (kg) before and after Sanctions
Prices
before sanctions Prices after increase
Food item
July
1990
sanctions times
----------------------------------------------------
Dinar
Fils Dinar Fils
--------------------------------------------------------------
Wheat-flour -
060
-
57 - 950
Rice
- 240 - 37 - 154
Sugar
- 200 - 164
- 820
Tea
-
2
- 450 - 225
Cooking oils - 600 - 182
- 303
Baby milk 1 600 680
- 425
--------------------------------------------------------------